表4
年份
19961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012出現(xiàn)次數(shù)出現(xiàn)頻率
R10.08250.08110.08080.08030.07520.07330.07130.06940.06750.06380.0595——————————————————1164.71%
R20.06280.07430.07190.07480.05950.07470.08180.0924———————————————————————————847.06%
1996年~2012年敦煌市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)對(duì)能力的障礙因素
R30.06950.0588————————————0.0846————————————0.0712———0.0748—————————529.41%
注:小于均值0.0588的數(shù)值未列出。
發(fā)生數(shù)和旅游業(yè)增長(zhǎng)彈性系數(shù)位列前五名,成為敦
煌市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)脆弱性最主要的影響因素;應(yīng)對(duì)能力障礙因素分析表明,人均GDP、旅游業(yè)增長(zhǎng)彈性系數(shù)和城鎮(zhèn)居民可支配收入三項(xiàng)指標(biāo)是影響敦煌市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)對(duì)能力提升的主要障礙因素,旅游總收入增長(zhǎng)率(R2)和教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占地方財(cái)政支出比重兩項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對(duì)敦煌市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)對(duì)能力的提升也有較大影響,而產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化指數(shù)對(duì)敦煌市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)
應(yīng)對(duì)能力的提升貢獻(xiàn)率較低。
3.城市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)脆弱性本質(zhì)上是其經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力的反映。中小型旅游城市經(jīng)濟(jì)總量小,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)單一,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過度依賴旅游產(chǎn)業(yè),其經(jīng)濟(jì)系中小型旅游城市應(yīng)在統(tǒng)存在明顯的脆弱性。因此,繼續(xù)推動(dòng)旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí),更加重視城市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和優(yōu)化,推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)多元化發(fā)展。一方面,通過充分挖掘和發(fā)揮區(qū)域特色資源與優(yōu)勢(shì),積極發(fā)
·5·
展特色農(nóng)業(yè)和特色工業(yè),大力推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程和工業(yè)技術(shù)改造;另一方面,應(yīng)在積極改造和提升傳統(tǒng)服務(wù)業(yè)的同時(shí),根據(jù)現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)和知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的
積極發(fā)展信息、咨詢、金融、保險(xiǎn)、發(fā)展潮流和趨勢(shì),
法律等新興服務(wù)業(yè),引導(dǎo)和推動(dòng)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展,
優(yōu)化第三產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),增強(qiáng)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。此外,還應(yīng)通過增加教育投入、提升市民素質(zhì)、提高居民收入和完善政策措施等手段,大力提升中小型旅游城市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)對(duì)能力,增強(qiáng)和提高中小型旅游城市社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力和水平。
參考文獻(xiàn):
.經(jīng)陳媛.2013.沿海旅游城市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)脆弱性研究[J]207.濟(jì)研究導(dǎo)刊(15):192-193,
李鋒.2013.基于集對(duì)分析法(SPA)的中國旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)系J].旅游科學(xué)(1):15-28,40.統(tǒng)脆弱性測(cè)度研究[
梁增賢,解利劍.2011.傳統(tǒng)旅游城市經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)脆弱性研——以桂林市為例[J].旅游學(xué)刊(5):40-46.究—
石勇,許世遠(yuǎn),石純,等.2011.自然災(zāi)害脆弱性研究進(jìn)展
[J].自然災(zāi)害學(xué)報(bào)(2):131-137.
史培軍,王靜愛,陳婧,等.2006.當(dāng)代地理學(xué)之人地相互作用研究的趨向:全球變化人類行為計(jì)劃(IHDP)第J].地理學(xué)報(bào)(2):115-126.六屆開放會(huì)議透視[
蘇飛,陳媛,張平宇.2013.基于集對(duì)分析的旅游城市經(jīng)——以舟山市為例[J].地理科學(xué)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)脆弱性評(píng)價(jià)—(5):538-544.
M].杭州:浙江趙克勤.2000.集對(duì)分析及其初步應(yīng)用[科技出版社.
HUFSCHMIDTG.2011.AcomparativeanalysisofseveralJ].NaturalHazards,58(2):621vulnerabilityconcepts[-642.
KATESRW,CLARKWC,CORELLR.2001.Environ-mentanddevelopment:sustainabilityscience[J].Sci-ence,292:641-642.
TURNERBL,KASPERSONRE,MSTSONPA.2003.Aframeworkforvulnerabilityanalysisinsustainabilitysci-ence[J].PNAS,100(14):8074-8079.
(編校:家偉)
VulnerabilityAssessmentofEconomicSystemofSmallandMedium-sized
TouristCityAlongOneBeltandOneRoad
———ACaseStudyofDunhuangCity
GUOXiao-dong1,ZHANGQi-yuan2,LIYing-fei1
(1.SchoolofManagement,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,China;
2.SchoolofManagement,HarbinUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Harbin150080,China)
Abstract:TakingDunhuangcityalongOneBeltandOneRoadasacase,thispaperhasanalyzedandevaluatedthevulnerabilityofe-conomicsystemofDunhuangcityquantitativelybyconstructingvulnerabilityassessmentmodelandevaluationindexsystemofsmallandmedium-sizedtourismcities.Thepaperrevealedtherelationshipbetween"sensitivity","responsecapacity"andthevulnerabilityofeconomicsystemofDunhuangcitythroughmultiplelinearregression,anditalsodidquantitativeanalysisabouttheaffectingfactorsofvulnerabilityofeconomicsystem.Theresultsshowthat:①TheindexofeconomicsystemofDunhuangcityhaschangedwithaobviousstagecharacteristics.Inthefirststage,allindexeshaschangedrelativelystable,butsensitivityandfragilityweregradualdeclineinthesecondstage.②ThevulnerabilityofeconomicsystemofDunhuangcityistheaccumulationtypeofendogenousstructure,sensitivityhaveamoresignificantinfluenceonthefragility.③Educationspendingaccountsforlocalfiscalexpenditure,tourismrevenuegrowth,tourismrevenuesaccountsforGDP,thenumberoftrafficaccidentandtourismgrowthelasticitycoefficientarethemaininfluencingfac-torstotheeconomysystemvulnerabilityofDunhuangcity,whileGDPpercapita,tourismgrowthelasticitycoefficientanddisposableincomeofurbanresidentsarethemainobstaclefactorsforimprovecopingcapacityofeconomysystem.④Dunhuangcityshouldbetopromotingthedevelopmentoftourismeconomycontinuouslyinthefuture,paymoreattentiontotheadjustmentandoptimizationofin-dustrialstructure,promotingthedevelopmentofindustrialdiversificationandtheresponsecapacityofeconomicsystemvigorouslyatthesametime,soastoimprovingthesustainabledevelopmentabilityandlevelofsocialandeconomic.Keywords:OneBeltandOneRoad;TouristCity;EconomicSystem;Vulnerability;DunhuangCity
·6·